There is another level of simulators called large-scale simulators that allow testing different alternative scenarios considering drivers other than forest management at stand level such as wood and/or biomass demands, area burnt by wildfire and land use changes (afforestation and deforestation).

When the aim is to simulate all the stands within a region or country under a demand driven philosophy StandsSIM scenario driven (StandsSIM.sd) should be used. This simulator used to be named SIMPLOT.

This version of the simulator is non-spacialized and can be run either as deterministic or stochastic (no optimization algorithms included). It requires additional inputs such as a few more simulation parameters and a scenario input that has to be prepared outside the Generator. The additional simulation parameters relate to fire (the minimum age for industrial use of burnt wood, the proportion of salvage wood) and harvesting (minimum age for harvesting, harvesting probabilities by age and stand type).  On the other hand, the scenario file describes the total amount of each driver for each year of simulation: the amounts of wood (m3) and biomass (Mg) to be harvested, the areas to be burnt (ha), the areas of new plantations (ha) and the proportion of area to be abandoned.

Another type of large scale simulators are those running at a continental scale such as the EFISCEN scenario model, but there are other European Scale forest simulators.


Additional reading:

Barreiro S, Tomé M, 2017. Portugal In: Barreiro S, Schelhaas MJ, McRoberts RE, Kaendler G (eds) Forest Inventory-based Projection Systems for Wood and Biomass Availability. Managing Forest Ecosystems, vol 29. Springer, Cham pp.259-272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56201-8_22

Barreiro S, Tomé M, 2012. Analysis of the impact of the use of eucalyptus biomass for energy on wood available for eucalyptus forests in Portugal. A simulation study. Ecology and Society. 17(2):14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-04642-170214

Barreiro S, Tomé M, 2011. SIMPLOT: Simulating the impacts of fire severity on sustainability of eucalyptus forests in Portugal. Ecological Indicators 11 (2011) 36–45 http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05262-170451